Bike Theft Analysis

Author

Wei Ting Chen and Meixi Xiong

Published

March 17, 2024

Overview

This paper examines bike theft patterns in Toronto using data-driven insights to provide actionable recommendations for individuals and organizations. The report identifies high-risk areas, timeframes, and bike types prone to theft, aiming to improve public awareness and reduce bike theft incidents.


Key Objectives

  1. Analyze spatial patterns: Identify neighborhoods with high bike theft incidence.
  2. Examine temporal dynamics: Study when bike thefts are most likely to occur.
  3. Provide recommendations: Suggest strategies for individuals and authorities to mitigate bike theft risks.

Data and Methods

Data Source

  • Dataset: Toronto bike theft dataset, as reported to Toronto Police Service.
  • Key Variables:
    • Neighborhoods: Areas in Toronto with varying theft frequencies.
    • Premises Type: Categories such as outdoor, apartments, and commercial locations.
    • Timeframe: Grouped into hourly ranges.
    • Bike Type and Cost: Includes categories like regular and mountain bikes, analyzed by cost range.

Methodology

  • Data Visualization: Heatmaps and bar charts to highlight theft hotspots and trends.
  • Categorical Analysis: Examining the role of neighborhood, bike type, cost, premises type, and time of theft in shaping theft patterns.

Results

High-Risk Neighborhoods

  • Top Neighborhoods:
    • Waterfront Communities – The Island, Bay Street Corridor, and Church–Yonge Corridor report the highest theft rates, exceeding 2,000 cases.
    • Other high-risk areas include Niagara, Annex, and Kensington–Chinatown.

Premises and Time of Theft

  • Premises Type: Outdoor areas and apartments exhibit the highest theft occurrences.
  • Peak Hours:
    • Theft is most frequent between 12 PM to 11 PM, coinciding with peak activity times.
    • Least theft activity is observed between 12 AM to 5 AM, aligning with lower public activity.

Bike Types and Costs

  • High-Risk Categories:
    • Regular bikes priced at $401–$650 and mountain bikes priced at $101–$400 are most prone to theft.

Divisions for Reporting Theft

  • Top Divisions:
    • D52, D14, and D51 have the highest number of reported cases, each exceeding 5,000.
    • Recovery rates are low, with over 98% of bikes reported as stolen.

Policy Implications

  1. Urban Safety Enhancements:
    • Increase surveillance in high-risk neighborhoods.
    • Improve bike parking infrastructure with secure locking mechanisms.
  2. Public Awareness Campaigns:
    • Educate residents about high-risk areas and bike types.
    • Promote usage of advanced locking systems and GPS tracking devices.
  3. Law Enforcement Strategies:
    • Deploy targeted patrols during peak theft hours in hotspots.
    • Collaborate with community organizations to monitor and reduce thefts.

Limitations and Future Directions

Limitations

  • Underreporting Bias: Unreported cases may skew the data.
  • Spatial Granularity: Analysis is limited to neighborhood and division-level data.

Future Research

  • Explore additional factors such as weather, traffic density, and socio-economic indicators.
  • Incorporate GIS tools for detailed spatial analysis.

References

Further details and reproducible code can be found in the report’s dataset repository.

Read the full report: Bike Theft Analysis PDF